schellenberger



.(ModeL) 3 Sheets'-Sheet 1.

0. G. SGHELLENBERGBR.

WAT 0-H.

No. 352,935. Patented Nov. 23, 1886.

w. PETERS. Phutuillhogrnpher, Washington, Dv c.

(ModeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. G. SOHELLENBERGER.

I WATCH.

No. 352,935. Patented Nov. 23, 1886 linen N. PETERS. PhOlO-Liflmgmpher. Washinglnn n c Modem 3 Sheets-Sheet a.

G. G. SCHELLE NBERGER.

WATG'H.

No. 352,935. Patented Nov. 23, 188 6.

llllll ll Illllllll'l Ia'hb U ITED STATES,

PATENT 'Orrice,

WATCH.

SPECIPICATIGN firming part of Letters Patent No. 352,935, dated November 23, 1886.

Application filed March 25, 188-1. Serial No. 125,444. (Modell .To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CHARLES GUSTAVUS SCHELLENBERGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have in vented certain Improvements in \Vatches; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

1n the drawings, Figure l is a rear view of the movement of a watch constructed with my improvements, the back cover or covers being removed; Fig. 2, a side view of the top and bottom plates of the watch in relative positions, a portion of the movement being shown in place upon and between them; Fig. 3, a central section,on an enlarged scale, of the balance wheel and potance; Fig. 1, a plan of the balance-wheel on an enlarged scale; Fig. 5, a partial section, on an enlarged scale, of the center staff and adjacent parts of the watch; Fig. 6, a side view and partial section of the eight-day wheel-staff andv a portion of the extra gear-wheel carried thereby,on an enlarged scale; Fig. 7, a view in perspective, on an enlarged scale, of a changeable center-staff pinion used with the one-day movement; Fig. 8, a similar view of an auxiliary-staff pinion used with my improved eight-day movement, showing the construction for reinovably coupling to its staff; Fig. 9, a plan on an enlarged scale of an index or pointer used by me in connection with my construction of the balance-staff; Fig. 10, a partial central longitudinal section and partial side view oftlie same;

Figs. 11 and 12, side views in di'fierent directions of the regulator swivelplate and a portion of the regulating-screw therein; Fig. 13, a side of the said regulating'scrcws; Fig. 14, a view in perspective, on an enlarged scale, of the balance'wheel index or pointer, the guideplate thereof being removed in the view; Figs. 15 and 16, top and bottom perspective views, respectively, of the said guide-plate on an enlarged scale; Fig. 17, a plan on.an enlarged scale of the regulator index-scale; Fig. 18, a transverse section of the same on an en-' larged scale; F1 19, a view in perspective, on an enlarged scale, of the hairspring regu lating-plate; Fig. 20, aview in perspective, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the hairspring and of the pin in which it is held and adjusted; Fig. 21, a view corresponding with the view in Fig, 1, but showing only so much of the improved gearing, as is necessary to illustrate that part of my invention; Fig. 22, a view sin'iilarly corresponding with the viewin Fig. 2; Fig. 23, a view corresponding with Fig. 20, but showing the gearing arranged for a one-day movement; Fig. 24:, a view corre sponding with the view in Fig. 22, the gearing also being arranged fora one-day move: ment; Fig. 25, a plan on an enlarged scale of the index-ring, swivel-plate, and adjustingscrew for adjusting the throw of the hairspring and. regulating the speed of the watch; Fig. 26, a side view of the same; Fig. 27, a View of the same in a different direction.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

My several improvei'nents in the watch will be described in order and the novel features distinguished from those in common use.

Let A A in the drawings represent the two plates between and upon which the works or movement of the watch are mounted, and B the case, which may be of ordinary construction; 0, the center staff, carrying the center wheel, a, of the movement pivoted at one end in the plate A. and extending through the other plate, A the cannon-pinion b, Fig. 5,

being mounted thereonnear the said plate;-

D, the barrel containing the mainspring of the watch. A portion of the train of gearing leading to the escapementavheel is indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

One of the features of my invention is an additional device by which the watch may be converted into an eightday watch, or one running several times longerthan the usual oneday movement, and reconverted into a oneday watch, at pleasure. The means by which I effect this is substantially as follows.

By the usual construction a gear-wheel, a",

attached to or moving with the barrel D, gears directly into a pinion, Ed, on the center staff, 0, as shown in Figs. 28 and 24-. I employ an clearly in Figs. 21 and 22. Thus the motion from the barrel, instead of being communicated immediately to the center staff, is transmitted thereto through this intermediate gear, (L N. The barrel D may remain the same or of the same size in both arrangements of the movement; but for the eight-day or other lengthened-time movement the mainspring therein should be sufficiently strong to compensate for the loss of leverage in the movement, and therefore a mainspring of greater and the proper strength is usedwhen the watch is arranged for running eight days or a week. One or two other changes in construction are made to adapt the movement to this change of running time:

First. Since when the motion of the barrel D is transmitted to the center staff through the intermediate wheel and pinion, c l), the barrel gear-wheel (0 cannot gear directly into the center -staff pinion, b, as it does with the ordinary one-day movement, I provide two interchangeable pinions, I) 1) (Shown respectively in Figs. 21 and 23.) The pinion shown in Figs. 21 to be used with the intermediate gear-wheel, a is made of smaller diameter than the pinion shown in Fig. .13, to be used with the barrel gear-wheel a direct, so that in the first case the pinion cannot touch the said gear-wheel a, as seen in Fig. 21, and in the other case the pinion shall gear fully into the said gear-wheel, as shown in Fig. 23. teeth or leaves than the smaller, but an exact number in each is not essential.

Second. The interposition of the single intermediate gear-wheel, a would produce a reversal of the motion of the center-staff,b ,ifthe motion of the barrel D should remain in the same direction as when its motion is communicated directly to the said center staff. In order to obviate this disarrangement, the barrel D is reversed in positionthat is,it is placed the other side up-when the said intermediate gearwheel is interposed as clearly indicated in Figs. 21, 22, 23, and 24. Thus in Fig. 22 it is seen that the gear-wheel a of the barrel is at the upper side of the barrel and the inter mediate gear-wheel, a is below the barrel, while in Fig. 2% it is seen that the gear-wheel a is at the lower side of the barrel, showing thelatter to have been reversed in position. The mainspring also is reversed in the direction of its action by this change, as indicated by the reversal of the direction of the holding ratchet D in Figs. 21 and 23.

To prevent any damage to the movement in case the mainspring should break and sudden back-action should result therefrom, other wise liable to do damage to the works, I provide for automatically ungearing the centerstaif pinion b from the gear-wheel a", by means substantially as follows: In a hub or enlargement, c Fig. 5, ot'the centerstaff, G. is formed a spiral or curved groove or slot, 0', substantially as shown. into which a stud or projection, 0", Fig. 7, formed on the inner periphery The larger pinion b, of course, has more of the pinion I), fits, so that while the pinion will hold the stud at the bottom of the groove and rotate the staff when moving in the proper direction, if the motion of the pinion should be suddenly reversed by the breaking of the mainsp ring the said stud would run back ward, rise in the slot ciand thereby lift the pinion far enough to ungear it from the gearwheel which turns it, and thereby prevent damage to the train and works beyond the center staff.

The above device is especially useful in case a stronger mainspring than usual is used in the barrel with a view to the employment, when desired, of the ei'ghtday arrangement above setforth. A similar construction of the auxiliary staff E and connection of the pinion If therewith may be used; but sucha provision is hardly necessary when the inter mediate gear-wheel, c, is interposed between the barrel and center staff, so that although the pinion If, Fig. 8, used therewith may have the interior coupling-stud, 0 the same as the other pinion shown in Fig. 7, the center staff, E, used with it, may have simply the construction shown in Fig. 6, wherein the hub c has a vertical coupling-groove, c, or one parallel with the axis of the staff, for readily removing the pinion. The potance H is set and held in the plate A by means shown in Fig. 3, and in the section Z, under the same figure, on a larger scale. A hole, x, is formed through the plate A of the same diameter-as the interior of the potance, and through one-half or more of the thickness of the plate, the whole is enlarged to form a socket, 00", into which the upper edge of the potauce lits. This upper edge of the potance has an ontwardly-projeeting lip or flange, y, leaving a narrow space in the socket below the lip, so that by using a burnisher the metal of the plate is swaged or spun into the socket, whereby the potance is firmly held in the socket, and is neither liable to be forced out nor become loosened. In order to facilitate the swaging of the metal into the socket a downwardlyprojecting lip, y", may be formed around the socket in pre' paring the plate, as seen in the Fig. 3, annex.

I provide for the removalof the balancestaff G" and its replacement without removing the balance-wheel or other parts connected therewith by means substantially as follows: The balancestaiit' is tapered downward, as shown in Fig. 3, and is provided around its upper end with an enlarged hub or collet, G, which has on its two ends, respectively, shouldered portions ofits periphery, which receive,

respectively, the balance-wheel G" at its upper end and the eseapement-roller G at its lower end. By this construction, in case of break age or ofany cause requiring the removal of the balance-staff, it is only necessary to knock the tapered staff endwise to remove it from the hub G" and insert a new staff without disturbing the balance-wheel and roller in their positions; and when a new staff is thus inserted no readjustment of the balance-wheel is required, all the adjustment required belongingto the staff itself-a simple and easy matter. v

If preferred, the hub and arms of the balance-wheel may be formed in one piece, or the lower part of the hub and the staff may be formed in one piece, and an additional hub carrying the balancewheel may be attached to the upper portion of the staff, which in this case is to be tapered only from the hub around its upper end down to the other end. The result would be the same in all these constructions-nainely,the staff and hub of the balancewheel would be formed separately.

The balance-wheel G" is constructed with the usual combined steel and brass rim and with opposite portions, h and 71 thereot' separate, but connected by a cross-arm, G", which includes the central hub, G.

For the purpose of endowing the balancewheel with an elastic yield at the terminations of its vibrations, and thereby relieving its staff from undue strain, the arm G, which connects the opposite severed parts of the rim,is formed of an oppositely-curved or S shape, substantially as shown in Fig. 4, and made thin and elastic in the portions 2" vlflbetween the hub G" and ends which are attached to the rim.

For adjusting the balance of the balancewheel having the crossarin G, as above described, small plates or extensions m m are respectively attached to the two ends of the said cross-arm, one. end of each plate being secured to the cross-arm by means of slots m m in the respective plates, and set'screws, as shown in Fig. 4, whereby the plates may be extended more or less from the arm, in direc tions substantially parallel with the rim, and extending across the open spaces between the severed portions of the rim, as shown. The projecting ends of the plates are respectively connected with the opposite portions of the rim by screws 11 02 Thus the two portions of the rim are firmly and adj ustably connected, and without interfering with their free expansion and contraction under variations in temper ature.

Instead of the construction shown in Fig. 4, (which I prefer,) the extension-plates in m may be made in one piece with the arms, as shown inFig. 1, the adjustment being effected by the screws a n, which connect the plates with the parts of the rim.

Since any change in the force of the mainspring involves areadjnstment of the throwot' the hair-spring and balance-wheel, Iprovide for such readjustment by means substantially as follows: Theindex-pointer is composed of the usual divided ring,K', encircling the upper end of the balance-staff and secured upon the balanceloridge in the ordinary manner by a beveled edge plate, and having a long pointed arm, K extending outward over the indexplate K, as shown in Figs. 1,. 9, and 10. Upon oneside of the ring K two tangs, t t, are

formed, between which the neck t of aswivelplate, t, fits, and this swivel-plate is arranged to receive a neck, t on the end of an adj ustingscrew,t,tapped through lugs t t on aplate,

i, secured to the balance bridge plate G, as

shown in Fig. 1. The swivel-plate t" is shown separately in Figs. 11 and l2,and the adjusting- Screw in Fig. 13. Their position and arrange ment in relation to each other and to the ring K are shown in the views, Figs. 25, 26, and 27. By this arrangement the turning of the screw t causes the ring K to turn around the balance-staff, and thereby to regulate the throw of the hair-spring. The swivelpl'ate t, sliding inward and outward between the tangs t t" of the ring K, allows the adjuslingscrew t to move in a straight line, while the ring K is moved thereby in the are of a circle, all the motions of the said parts being free.

The readjustment of the index or pointeriuvolves a corresponding adjustment of the in dex-plate K (Shown separatein Figs. 17 and 18 on an enlarged scale.) The said index-plate is formed with a curved slot parallel with its sides, in which may slide a pointer, p, and be adjusted therein, as required, to adapt it to the adjustmentof the index. The pointer p" may be clamped fast to the indexplate by a set-screw screwing into a piece or block on the under side of the plate, as shown in the drawlugs.

The connection between the index and the hair-spring, by which the vibrations of the latter are both regulated and guided, is by the following means: A small forked plate, L, (shown separate in Figs. 15 and 16,) is arranged to rest upon the top of the arm K of the in dex-pointer,,next to and partially overlapping the ring K, as shown in Fig. 9, and it. is made adjustable nearer to or farther from the balance-stati' by means of a slot or notch, S, in the plate, and a set screw, S, passed through the said slot or notch into the indexring, as clearlyshown in the drawings. The index-arm K is also provided with a longitudinal slot or aperture, S, as shown, under the plate L, down through which slot both a screw, S, and pin S secured to the plate L and projecting downward from its under side, extend. The screw S is provided with a laterally-proiecting foot, S, which extends under the pin S, as shown in Figs. 10, 15, and 16. The outer coil of the hair spring of the watch is arranged to pass between the said screw S and pin S so that when the rim K is moved around by the adjusting-screw t the vibrations of the hair spring are lengthened or shortened, as required. When the outer coil of the hair'spring is to be placed in position between the screw S and pin S the screw is turned partially around to carry its foot S away from the pin, and the hair-spring coil is then readily entered between the screw and pin. Then the foot of the screw is turned back into position under the pin, thereby retaining the hair-spring in position.

The device is simple, convenient, and effect ual. The screw is formed without a head, as shown, so that it can be screwed up or down to regulate the height of its foot S and make IIO' it correspond with the plane of the coils of the hair spring and with the adjustment thereof in position. The pin S may be lengt ened or shortened to correspond with theheight of the screw-foot S". It may be remarked that the lugs 15 and 25, above set forth, may be formed directly upon the balance-bridge G instead of upon the plate i, above described; but I prefer the construction shown in Fig. 1.

For a perfect adjustment of the hair-sp ring the following device is employed: A small plate, M, is fastened to the balancebridge G by means of a slot, 1;, in the plate, and a fast ening-screw, o", sothatthe position of the plate on the bridge is adjustable. The plate M, as shown in Fig. 19, is provided at one end or corner with a socket, v, in which a vertical pin, 12, (shown in Fig. 20,) fits, and is held by asetscrew, o, (shown separate in Fig. 19,) but screwing into the side of the socket 12 The lower end of the pin o is provided with a transverse hole or slot, in which the outer end of the hair-spring N (partlyshown in Fig. 20) is held by a wedge or key, 1;, driven into the hole by the side of the spring, as indicated in the said figure. Bythis meansthehairspring is not only firmly held, but may be accurately adjusted both in relation to the balance staff by moving the plate M with its slot 1;, and higher or lower in position by adjusting the pin 0* up or down in the socket v W'ith thelvertical adjustment of the pin 12 the coils of the hairspring may be held in a perfectly true plane, and the dishing thereof be avoided.

I claim as my invention 1. In awatch, the combination of the center staff, center wheel, centenstaff pinion, a re movable gear-wheel and pinion interposed between the center-stati' pinion and barrel-gear. and mounted on an auxiliary staff, the barrelgear, and a reversible lna inspring-barrel, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination ofthe center staff, 0, center-staff wheel a,reversible mainspring-barrel D, carrying a gear-wheel, a, center-staff hub 0*, constructed with a spiral groove, 0*, andthe pinion If, having an interior coupling projection,c, fitting in the said groove, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The combination of the center staff, cen ter wheel, a reversible mainspring-barrel carrying a gear-wheel, and a removable gearwheel and pinion mounted on an auxiliary staff gearing into the gear-wheel on the barrel and adapted to gear into a center-staff pinion of smaller diameter than the pinion which gears into the barrel-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The combination ofthe center wheel and train leading to the cscapement'whcel, and a balance-wheel constructed with its rim in two separate parts, with a donblycurved elastic arm, G connecting opposite ends of the parts of the rim, and two adjusting-plates, m m, connecting the arm G at its two ends, respectively, with the adjacent ends of the rim parts and united with the said parts by screws n a", substantially as and forthe purpose herein set forth.

5. The combination of the center wheel and train leading to the escapement-wheel, the balance-wheel, hair spring, an index-pointer constructed with a divided ring, K, provided with projecting tangs t 1?, a swivel-plate, t, play ing between the said tangs, and an adjustingscrew, t, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

6. The combination of a center wheel and trai n leading to the escapement-wheel, the balance-wl1ecl, hairspring, index-pointer adapted to be adjusted around the balance-staff and provided with an adj ust-able hai r-spring, regulating-plate L, screw 8*, pin S and screw-foot S", substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

7. The combination of a center wheel and train leading to the escapement-wheetbalancewheel, hair-spring, plate M, adjustable upon the balance bridge G, and a hair-spring-holding pin, 1), adjustable up and down in the socket of the said plate, the hair-spring being held in the said pin by a wedge or key, sub stantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

S. The combination of a center wheel and train leading to the escapcment-wheel, balancewheel, hair-spring, index-pointer provided with an adjustable hair spring regulatingplate, L, adjustable hair-spring-holding plate M, and hairspring-holding pin e, adjustable up and down in a socket of the plate M, substantially as and for the purpose here in specified.

9. The combination of a center wheel and train of gear leading to the escapement'wheel,

balance-wheel,hair-spri ng, an adj ustableindexpointer, and an index-plate, K, provided with an adjustable pointer, 12", substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit nesses.

CHARLES G USIAVUS SCIIELLENFERGER.

\Vitnesses:

O. N. WoonwARD, LOUIS FnEsER, Sr. 

